最近，MBTI人格測試火遍社交網路。人們在微博、論壇、朋友圈興致勃勃地交流彼此的測試結果。四個字母的人格型別組合搶去了星座的風頭，成為了尋找未知自我與同類的新密碼。
MBTI人格測試是什麼？它的全稱為the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator，是1940年代美國一對母女 Katharine Cook Briggs 和 Isabel Briggs Myers 學習了榮格的人格理論後發明的一個測試量表。
MBTI將個體行為差異分為四個維度，包括精神能量指向、資訊獲取方式、決策方式以及生活態度取向。
每個維度包括兩個方向，代表不同的偏好傾向，分別是外向型(Extroversion)—內向型(Introversion)，實感型(Sensing)—直覺型(Intuition)，情感型(Feeling)—思考型(Thinking)，判斷型(Judging)—感知型(Perceiving)。
四個維度的不同偏好傾向組合起來，便形成16種人格型別。
MBTI 測試真的靠譜嗎？心理學界如何看待MBTI測試？這周我們就來讀一篇來自《華盛頓郵報》的報道，瞭解MBTI測試背後的故事。
報道原文
Chances are you’ve taken the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or will. Roughly 2 million people a year do. It has become the gold standard of psychological assessments, used in businesses, government agencies and educational institutions. Along the way, it has spawned a multimillion-dollar business around its simple concept that everyone fits one of 16 personality types.
Despite the far-reaching use of the assessment in organizations, the academic psychological community has been slow to embrace it. No major journal has published research on the MBTI, which academics consider a strong repudiation of the test’s authority.
And yet the psychological community has been reticent to speak up too vocally against it. The fact is, many psychology professors do lucrative side work as organizational consultants. And as taboo as it is to praise Myers-Briggs in U.S. academia, it’s equally taboo to disparage it in corporate America.
#01
MBTI 有多火？
①Chances are you’ve taken the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or will. ②Roughly 2 million people a year do.
你很有可能已經做過MBTI測試了，或正要做。每年約有200萬人進行這一測試。
- (The) chances are (that)... 是一個固定句式，表示「可能…」，相當於It is likely that …。
- 我們再來看一個《老友記》裡的例子：
- Chances are you're gonna get it.
- the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator 便是MBTI的全稱。
- take the MBTI 大家注意，做...測試，往往用take這個動詞。
- indicator [ˈɪndɪkeɪtər] 為名詞，指「指標，指示物」。indicate [ˈɪndɪkeɪt] 為動詞，指「表明，顯示」。
- 舉一句英劇《喋喋不休》裡的經典臺詞：
- Reading generally indicates a studious temperament.
- 我們在威爾·史密斯的道歉信裡還寫過形容詞短語：
- be indicative of sth 表示「顯示出…；是…的跡象」。
- 原文是這樣寫的：My actions were not indicative of the man I want to be. 直譯便是：我的行為無法表明我想成為的那種人。
- roughly [rʌfli] 為副詞，表示「大約，大致」(not exactly)，可以替換我們熟悉的 about, around, approximately 等等。
- 而BBC在表達「大約」時用的是estimated這個詞：
The test, taken by an estimated 2 million people each year, has been around since the 1940s. 估計每年有200萬人參加這一測試，自1940年代以來一直存在。 - an estimated +數字 表示「大約有多少...，估計有多少...」。[寫作推薦]
