你以為高脂肪飲食只會讓人變胖嗎？或許髮際線也會因此受到影響。日本一項新研究發現，高脂肪飲食也會加速脫髮。
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We all know the dangers of a diet that’s high in fat. From hypertension to diabetes, heart disease to even some forms of cancer, the range of ailments that can be laid squarely at the feet of eating poorly and being overweight or obese. But a new study from researchers at the Toyko Medical and Dental University (TMDU) in Japan have now found having a fat-heavy diet can also accelerate hair loss.
我們都知道高脂肪飲食的危害。高血壓、糖尿病、心臟病，甚至一些癌症都可以直接歸咎於飲食不健康或肥胖。但日本東京醫科齒科大學（TMDU）研究人員的一項新研究發現，高脂肪飲食也會加速脫髮。
In the average healthy adult, the hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) renew themselves regularly which is why your hair grows back when you cut it and also why it becomes longer. As with most things in the human body, though, the onset of age doesn’t do the HSFCs any favours and, as you get older, the stem cells lose their ability to replenish as efficiently as they once did, leaving the hair to thin and/or fall out.
一般健康成年人的毛囊幹細胞會定期自我更新，這就是為什麼你剪掉的頭髮會長回來，也是頭髮會變長的原因。然而，與人體內的大多數情況一樣，年齡對毛囊幹細胞沒有任何好處，隨著年齡的增長，幹細胞失去了以前那樣的更新能力，導致頭髮變少和/或脫髮。
In the study carried out by TMDU’s department of stem cell biology, mice that had been given a high-fat diet (HFD) were more susceptible to inflammatory responses in the body which, in turn, blocked follicle regeneration, leading to hair loss. What was surprising was that the deterioration in the hair follicles could happen in as little as four days spent on a high-fat diet and that the problem seemed to be worse in older mice.
在東京醫科齒科大學幹細胞生物學系開展的研究中，高脂飲食餵養的小鼠更容易受到體內炎症反應的影響，而炎症反應會阻礙毛囊再生，導致掉毛。令人驚訝的是，短短四天的高脂肪飲食就可讓毛囊發生退化，而老年鼠的問題似乎更嚴重。
“High-fat diet feeding accelerates hair thinning by depleting HFSCs, especially in old mice,” explains Hironobu Morinaga, the study’s lead author. “We compared the gene expression in HFSCs between HFD-fed mice and standard diet-fed mice and traced the fate of those HFSCs after their activation.
該研究的主要作者Hironobu Morinaga解釋說：“高脂肪飲食餵養讓毛囊幹細胞變少，特別是老年小鼠。我們比較了高脂肪飲食餵養的小鼠和標準飲食餵養的小鼠之間毛囊幹細胞的基因表達，並追蹤了這些毛囊幹細胞啟用後的命運。
研究發現，高脂肪飲食餵養的肥胖小鼠隨著毛囊幹細胞的減少，掉毛速度加快，毛囊變小。
It’s not just the fat content of your food that can play havoc with your hair as what you consume can really affect how your hair grows and even whether men will keep it, as consultant dermatologist Dr Alia Ahmed explains.
面板科顧問醫生艾莉亞·艾哈邁德博士解釋稱，不僅僅是食物中的脂肪含量會破壞你的頭髮，吃的東西會影響頭髮的生長，甚至影響男人能否保住頭髮。
Nutritional deficiencies are often the root cause of many hair problems, adds Dr Ahmed. “Iron, zinc, niacin, folic acid, biotin, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E – there are so many nutrients implicated in hair disorders,” she says. “It’s not just genetics.”
艾哈邁德博士補充說，營養缺乏往往是許多頭髮問題的根本原因。“鐵、鋅、煙酸、葉酸、生物素、維生素A、維生素D、維生素E——頭髮疾病涉及到太多營養素。不僅僅是遺傳因素。”
If you’ve got a sweet tooth, for example, you may need to think about putting down those Percy Pigs. Not only is sugar bad for your hair, but it can cause your blood sugar levels to spike which, in men, can raise the levels of the hormone androgen, leading to follicle damage and potential hair loss.
例如，如果你喜歡吃甜食，你可能需要考慮放棄那些橡皮糖。糖不僅對你的頭髮有害，而且會導致血糖水平升高，而男性的血糖升高會導致雄激素水平升高，導致毛囊損傷和潛在的脫髮。
But don’t make the mistake of swapping sugar for artificial sweeteners. Take diet fizzy drinks that replace processed sugar with artificial sweeteners like Aspartame, for instance. In their analysis of aspartame, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has listed hair thinning and hair loss as one of the main side effects of excessive aspartame consumption.但用人工甜味劑代替糖是錯誤的，不要這麼做。以阿斯巴甜等人工甜味劑代替加工糖的低糖汽水為例，美國食品和藥物管理局（FDA）在對阿斯巴甜的分析中發現，頭髮稀疏和脫髮是阿斯巴甜攝入過量的主要副作用之一。
Drinking alcohol might not lead to hair loss in men (largely because it acts to suppress testosterone) but the condition of your locks will certainly be affected by one too many as it reduces your body’s ability to absorb key nutrients like folic acid and zinc, making your hair prone to damage like split ends and brittleness. Go easy on salt too. It’s been shown to cause hair shedding as well.
飲酒可能不會導致男性脫髮（主要是因為酒精能抑制睪丸激素），但頭髮肯定會受到很大影響，因為飲酒會降低人體吸收葉酸和鋅等關鍵營養素的能力，使頭髮容易出現分叉和脆弱等損傷。鹽也要少吃。有研究表明，鹽也會導致脫髮。
來源：英國電訊報
編輯：董靜
來源：中國日報網
