霜降：霜花滿枝頭
霜降是二十四節氣中的第十八個節氣，是秋冬的交界點。此時，天氣漸寒，萬物收斂，桂落地，香入土，柿燃枝，陰氣始凝。
霜降（中國畫）王凱生
一夜寒霜，綠意逐漸隱去。霜降時節，黃河流域出現白霜，枯黃的樹葉片片凋落。正如王凱生的中國畫作品《霜降》所描繪的：葉子上佈滿了銀色的冰晶，透過抽象提煉的葉子外形，如巨大的雪花鋪滿畫面。背景大面積的留白和前景中樹葉豐富的層次形成對比。作品色調清冷，寂寥、寒冷之氣躍然紙上。
秋風萬里，草木黃落。霜降時節的大地是濃郁的。“霜葉紅於二月花”，在秋霜的撫慰下，大自然的調色盤裡多了幾抹耀眼的暖色，漫山遍野的樹木變成紅黃色，如火似錦。李春海的作品《霜降》用水墨描繪了層林盡染的深秋景色。紅褐色和淺青色層層暈染，筆觸生動，墨色濃淡相間，秋意撲面而來。
霜降（中國畫）李春海
深秋，萬物凋零，但又碩果累累。俗語說，“霜打柿子紅如火”，霜降正是柿子成熟的時節，因此有霜降吃柿子的習俗。霜降時，柿子像小燈籠一樣掛在枝頭，煥發生機。插畫家木殼人的作品《霜降》中，小女孩拿著長竹竿打柿子，柿子樹下的大白鵝張嘴迎接即將掉落的果實，俏皮可愛。畫面以暖色調為主，活潑生動的形象施以淡彩，清新自然，一派豐收熱鬧的景象。
霜降時節不受雪霜的，除了菊花，還有竹。蘇東坡曾這樣歌頌竹子：“結根豈殊眾，修柯獨出林。孤高不可恃，歲晚霜風侵。”劉珍清的畫作《歲晚霜風侵》，用水墨描繪了玉立霜風中的竹。畫面中的竹瘦而勁秀，筆墨精妙，長短疏密，變化相宜。
“蒹葭蒼蒼，白露為霜”，秋天從白露到寒露，再到霜降，彷彿一幅不斷流轉的水墨畫。露水凝結，草木黃落，冬之始也。
英文版
，時長03:55
Frost Descent, the 18th of the 24 solar terms, marks the transition from autumn to winter. At this time, the weather becomes cold, and all living things are bracing themselves for the arrival of winter.
When frost comes, green leaves begin to turn yellow. During this period of solar term, frost appears in the Yellow River Basin, and withered leaves fall off from trees. In Wang Kaisheng's Chinese painting Frost Descent, the leaves are covered with silver ice crystals. Leaves, painted with broad sketches, look like a huge snowflake. Layers of leaves are in sharp contrast with large white space in the background. The painting thus has a touch of coldness and loneliness.
The autumn wind turns grass yellow. When frost descends, the land is rich in color. As a line of a Chinese poem describes, “Frost-bitten leaves look redder than spring flowers”. Frost adds to the beautiful autumn landscape, with woods turning red and yellow like fire. Li Chunhai's ink painting Frost Descent presents the fascinating scenery of woods in a burst of colors of red, brown and light cyan in late autumn.
Late autumn is also the season for fruits to ripen. As the saying goes, “Frost-bitten persimmon is as red as fire.” Persimmons hang on the branches, just like small lanterns, ready for picking, so Frost Descent is also the time to eat persimmons. In illustrator Mukeren's work Frost Descent, a little girl is knocking persimmons off the tree with a bamboo pole, and a white goose under the tree reaches out its neck to pick the falling fruits. Painted with light and vivid colors, the picture depicts a lively scene of harvest.
Both chrysanthemum and bamboo are free of frost bite, which won the admiration of the famous Song Dynasty poet Su Shi (1037-1101). “Even if the bamboo has no one but itself to rely on, it shows no fear to frost and wind.” An ink painting No Fear of Frost and Wind by Liu Zhenqing depicts with exquisite brushstrokes bamboos standing full of life and vitality in frost and wind.
“Green, green the reed, Dew and frost gleam.” (Translated by Professor Yuanchong Xu) From White Dew to Cold Dew, autumn is like an unfolding scroll of ink painting. With the descent of frost, one knows winter is on its way.
文字素材來源:《光明日報》（2020年10月25日 11版）
出品：光明日報&中國傳媒大學
